'We do not like talking about our problems': socialization and idealized masculinity as drivers of help-seeking avoidance among college men in South Africa.

Journal: BMC public health

Volume: 25

Issue: 1

Year of Publication: 2025

Affiliated Institutions:  Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Private Bag X, Pretoria, , South Africa. yandisa.sikweyiya@mrc.ac.za. Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Private Bag X, Pretoria, , South Africa. School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Washington Singer Building, Stocker Rd, Exeter, EX PY, UK. Sexual Violence Research Initiative, Pretoria, South Africa. Independent Consultant, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa.

Abstract summary 

This article explores how identities and contexts influence help-seeking avoidance behaviour among college men.This exploratory qualitative study purposively selected 88 male students (aged 18-30) from some universities and Technical and Vocational Training colleges (TVETs) in South Africa. Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGDs). Eight FGDs were conducted, one in each selected university (n = 2) and TVETs (n = 6) in 2018-2019. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.We found that college men's early life experiences and socialisation strongly influenced their ability to express emotion and access services when in need of help. The data also revealed a masculinity that men aspired to and wanted to be seen as embracing or personifying while on campus. Most men ascribed to an ideal of masculinity that made it difficult for them to share their feelings (e.g., emotional pain, sadness; and bottle their emotions) and seek help from campus-based counselors or peers. The few men who reported using campus mental health support services appraised them as unsuitable and unhelpful for them, and indicated a preference for services that were more culturally relevant. Most men indicated a preference for male counselors, of which there were very few.These findings may be useful for the formulation of evidence-based context-specific and culturally sensitive approaches for increasing men's access to mental health and psychological support services on South African college campuses.

Authors & Co-authors:  Sikweyiya Yandisa Y Mahlangu Pinky P Jewkes Rachel R Brooke-Sumner Carrie C Gibbs Andrew A Dartnall Elizabeth E Pillay Managa M Machisa Mercilene M

Study Outcome 

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Citations :  Storrie K, Ahern K, Tuckett A. A systematic review: students with mental health problems—a growing problem. Int J Nurs Pract. 2010;16(1):1–6.
Authors :  8
Identifiers
Doi : 10.1186/s12889-025-22252-y
SSN : 1471-2458
Study Population
Men,Male
Mesh Terms
Humans
Other Terms
College men;Gender-transformative programming;Help-seeking avoidance;Masculinities;Mental health promotion
Study Design
Exploratory Study
Study Approach
Qualitative
Country of Study
South Africa
Publication Country
England