Psychometric evaluation of the psychosis screening questionnaire in South Africa with attention to overlap between symptoms and normative cultural beliefs.

Journal: World cultural psychiatry research review : official journal of World Association of Cultural Psychiatry

Volume: 18

Issue: 1

Year of Publication: 

Affiliated Institutions:  Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry, New York, USA. Research Unit, Foundation for Professional Development, Buffalo City Metro, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Buffalo City Metro Health District, Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health, Bisho, South Africa. Department of Population and Family Health, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA. Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. University of North Carolina-Project, Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi. University of Pretoria, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Systems and Public Health, Pretoria, South Africa. The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA.

Abstract summary 

We evaluated the 5-item Psychosis Screening Questionnaire (PSQ) against a diagnostic gold standard in South Africa. 1885 adults at primary and tertiary health facilities were screened with the PSQ and diagnosed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-V. Minor adaptations were required of both instruments to distinguish between psychiatric symptoms and normative cultural beliefs. We assessed internal consistency, criterion validity and sensitivities and specificities for identifying current or lifetime hypomanic or manic episode and/or psychotic disorders. The PSQ only yielded acceptable criterion validity for lifetime hypomanic or manic episode. A positive PSQ screen yielded sensitivities of 74.36%, 55.00%, and 64.68% for lifetime hypomanic or manic episode, psychotic disorder, and any SMD, respectively. Given the overlap between symptoms and normative cultural beliefs, preemptive framing was required to improve the cultural understanding and relevance. With these adaptations, the translated PSQ functioned adequately for hypomanic or manic episode, but not for psychotic disorder.

Authors & Co-authors:  Stockton Melissa A MA Sweetland Annika C AC Mazinyo Ernesha Webb EW Nogemane Kwanda K Ngcelwane Nondumiso N Basaraba Cale C Bezuidenhout Charl C Sansbury Griffin G Grobler Christoffel C Wall Melanie M MM Medina-Marino Andrew A Nobatyi Phumza P Wainberg Milton L ML

Study Outcome 

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Statistics
Citations :  Addington J, Stowkowy J, & Weiser M (2015). Screening tools for clinical high risk for psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry, 9(5), 345–356. 10.1111/eip.12193
Authors :  13
Identifiers
Doi : 
SSN : 1932-6270
Study Population
Male,Female
Mesh Terms
Other Terms
Cultural Validation;Manic or Hypomanic Episode;Primary Care;Psychotic Disorder;Screening;Severe Mental Disorders
Study Design
Study Approach
Country of Study
South Africa
Publication Country
United States