Neuroinflammation and mental health outcomes in adolescents living with HIV.

Journal: Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

Volume: 19

Issue: 6

Year of Publication: 2024

Affiliated Institutions:  Edinburgh Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh. Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK. Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu (FAMCRU), Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

Abstract summary 

Adolescents living with HIV show chronic inflammation, which in turn has been linked to mental health outcomes in the general population. The increased risk for mental health issues in adolescents with HIV may thus be driven by HIV-related inflammation. In this review, we discuss the associations between peripheral and central nervous system inflammation and mental health outcomes in adolescents with HIV.Preclinical models indicate that expression of HIV viral proteins early in life may lead to neuroinflammation and behavioural deficits in adolescence. Clinical evidence is available primarily in the general population and in adults with HIV, and suggests that inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-6 and TNF-α may be associated with depressive symptoms. Only one study has explored these relationships in adolescents with HIV, and did not find that inflammatory biomarkers in the blood or brain were linked to depressive symptoms. Current research in this field focuses overwhelmingly on peripheral inflammatory biomarkers (compared to neuroimaging biomarkers) and on depression (compared to other mental health conditions).There is strong evidence to suggest that neuroinflammation and peripheral inflammation may play a role in the development of mental health issues in adolescents, but research in adolescents with HIV is sparse. Characterizing the relationship between inflammation and mental health in adolescents with HIV may help improve the prediction, prevention, early intervention, and treatment of mental health issues in this population.

Authors & Co-authors:  Mudra Rakshasa-Loots Arish A Vera Jaime H JH Laughton Barbara B

Study Outcome 

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Statistics
Citations :  Dessauvagie AS, Jörns-Presentati A, Na A-K, et al. . The prevalence of mental health problems in sub-Saharan adolescents living with HIV: a systematic review. Global Mental Health 2020; 7:e29.
Authors :  3
Identifiers
Doi : 10.1097/COH.0000000000000877
SSN : 1746-6318
Study Population
Male,Female
Mesh Terms
Humans
Other Terms
Study Design
Study Approach
Country of Study
Publication Country
United States