Sexual identity is associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in US early adolescents.
Journal: Academic pediatrics
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Affiliated Institutions:
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: julia.raney@ucsf.edu.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; School of Public Health, University of Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Management, Policy and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California, USA; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Abstract summary
To determine disparities in adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) by sexual identity in a national cohort of early adolescents.We analyzed cross-sectional data from year 2 of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N=10,934, 2018-2020, ages 10-14 years). Disparities in ACE score across lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB), not sure, and heterosexual adolescents were assessed using multinomial logistic regression analyses. Logistic regressions estimated the associations between sexual identity and each individual ACE. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders.In adjusted models, LGB adolescents had higher risk of experiencing 2, 3, or ≥4 ACEs (Relative Risk Ratios [RRR] =1.57, 95% CI 1.01-2.42), 3 (RR=1.78, 95% CI 1.100-2.88), or ≥4 ACEs (RRR=3.20, 95% CI 1.92-5.32), and not sure adolescents had a higher risk of having ≥4 ACEs (RRR=2.17, 95% CI 1.22-3.87), compared to heterosexual adolescents. LGB and not sure adolescents had higher risks of reporting emotional abuse ("yes" OR =4.21, 95% CI 1.84-9.61; "maybe" OR=6.20, 95% CI 2.91-13.19) and parent mental illness ("yes" OR=1.95, 95% CI 1.48-2.57; "maybe" OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.21-2.18) compared to heterosexual adolescents.LGB adolescents and those questioning their sexual identity were at greater risk of having higher ACE scores, with LGB adolescents experiencing the highest risk of experiencing ACEs. LGB adolescents also had higher odds of reporting emotional and parent mental illness. Recognizing this heightened risk of ACEs in early adolescence is critical for designing clinic and school-based interventions.
Authors & Co-authors:
Raney Julia H JH
Weinstein Shayna S
Testa Alexander A
Ganson Kyle T KT
Memon Zain Z
Glidden David V DV
Baker Fiona C FC
Brindis Claire D CD
Nagata Jason M JM
Study Outcome
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