Caffeine, alcohol, and drug use as work adjuncts among neurosurgeons. Prevalence, contributing factors, and proposed strategies.

Journal: World neurosurgery

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Affiliated Institutions:  Department of Neurological Surgery, Center for Cranial Base Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Nicosia General Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus. Electronic address: karampouga.maria@gmail.com. Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece. Clinic of Neurosurgery, St. Ivan Rilski University Hospital, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria. Department of Neurosurgery, Arnavutkoy State Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, and Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Medical Research Center, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland. Neurosurgery Department, International Hospital, Salmiya, Kuwait. Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland. Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. Department of Neurosurgery, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine, Bucharest, Romania. Department of Neurological Surgery, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma, Barcelona, Spain. Department of Neurosurgery, Haaglanden Medical Center and Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden, The Netherlands. Istinye University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Türkiye. Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.

Abstract summary 

Neurosurgeons may resort to caffeine, alcohol, and various drugs to maintain peak performance as they grapple with work demands and escalated stress. The prevalence of this controversial strategy remains largely unexplored.An anonymous survey of 23 questions formulated by our research group was distributed through personal contacts and neurosurgical societies. Inquiries revolved around the use of medications and other substances for job-related reasons. Data were analyzed via regression and descriptive statistics in python.In total, 215 neurosurgeons (43 residents) were included, with 213 disclosing their gender (94 females). Out of all, 9.3% were <30, 38.1% were 30-39, 44.6% were 40-59 and 7.9% were >60 years old. Most (70.7%) practiced in Europe, 18.6% in Asia, 6.5% in North and South America and the rest in Africa or Australia. While 132 participants stated they consume caffeine to manage challenging schedules, drugs for cognitive and mood enhancement were utilized by 18 and 35 respectively. Alcohol was employed for stress relief by 28 with 4 reporting as heavy drinkers. Drugs posed a solution to sleep disorders for 82, and helped 8 others in strengthening their hand dexterity. Notably, 12 of those claiming drug use, initiated it in medical school. Exercise, self-care activities and relational support were the main alternatives sought. Ultimately, most responders recommended extending mental health assistance and raising awareness about drug use.Reflecting on our results on job-associated drug use by neurosurgeons, we propose the judicious use of pharmacological or non- adjuncts, alongside the prioritization of neurosurgeons' well-being.

Authors & Co-authors:  Karampouga Maria M Karagianni Maria M Mihaylova Stiliana S Aydin Aysegul Esen AE Salokorpi Niina N Lambrianou Xanthoula X Tsianaka Eleni E Janssen Insa K IK Duran Silvia Hernandez SH Ivan Daniela Luminita DL Rodríguez-Hernandez Ana A Broekman Marike Ld ML Gazioglu Nurperi N Tasiou Anastasia A Murphy Mary M

Study Outcome 

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Statistics
Citations : 
Authors :  15
Identifiers
Doi : S1878-8750(24)01289-0
SSN : 1878-8769
Study Population
Male,Female
Mesh Terms
Other Terms
Alcohol use among neurosurgeons;Caffeine use among neurosurgeons;Cognitive enhancement among neurosurgeons;Drug use among neurosurgeons;Mood enhancement among neurosurgeons;Performance drugs in neurosurgery;Stress management in neurosurgery
Study Design
Descriptive Study
Study Approach
Country of Study
Publication Country
United States