Diagnostic biomarkers for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A reasonable quest or ignis fatuus?
Journal: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
Volume: 118
Issue:
Year of Publication: 2021
Affiliated Institutions:
Adult Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: mafullana@clinic.cat.
Department of Psychology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
Mental Health Department, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Area, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí IPT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Sabadell, Spain; Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Mental Health Department, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Area, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí IPT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Sabadell, Spain.
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Mental Health, ASL Città di Torino, Turin, Italy.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
University Research Institute on Health Sciences (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Mallorca, Spain.
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Abstract summary
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been associated with a wide range of biological and neurocognitive findings, which could assist in the search for biomarkers. We conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to assess and grade the strength of the evidence of the association between OCD and several potential diagnostic biomarkers while controlling for several potential biases. Twenty-four systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included, comprising 352 individual studies, more than 10,000 individuals with OCD, and covering 73 potential biomarkers. OCD was significantly associated with several neurocognitive biomarkers, with varying degrees of evidence, ranging from weak to convincing. A number of biochemical, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging biomarkers also showed statistically significant, albeit weak, associations with OCD. Analyses in unmedicated samples (123 studies) weakened the strength of the evidence for most biomarkers or rendered them non-significant. None of the biomarkers seem to have sufficient sensitivity and specificity to become a diagnostic biomarker. A more promising avenue for future biomarker research in OCD might be the prediction of clinical outcomes rather than diagnosis.
Authors & Co-authors:
Fullana Miquel A MA
Abramovitch Amitai A
Via Esther E
López-Sola Clara C
Goldberg Ximena X
Reina Nuria N
Fortea Lydia L
Solanes Aleix A
Buckley Matthew J MJ
Ramella-Cravaro Valentina V
Carvalho André F AF
Tortella-Feliu Miquel M
Vieta Eduard E
Soriano-Mas Carles C
Lázaro Luisa L
Stein Dan J DJ
Fernández de la Cruz Lorena L
Mataix-Cols David D
Radua Joaquim J
Study Outcome
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