Global effect of COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep among 3- to 5-year-old children: a longitudinal study of 14 countries.
Journal: BMC public health
Volume: 21
Issue: 1
Year of Publication: 2021
Affiliated Institutions:
Early Start, School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Science and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, , Australia. tokely@uow.edu.au.
Early Start, School of Health and Society, Faculty of the Arts, Social Science and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, , Australia.
Department of Early Childhood Development, Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China.
Early Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Science and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, , Australia.
NIASRA - National Institute for Applied Statistics Research Australia, School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, , Australia.
Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia.
Precision Health Consultants (PHC Global), Karachi, Pakistan.
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Perkins Rd Baton Rouge Louisiana, Pennington, , USA.
Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Unité Mixte de Recherche Nutrition et Alimentation, CNESTEN - Université Ibn Tofail (URAC-), Regional Designated Center of Nutrition Associated with AFRA/IAEA, Pennington, USA.
Centre for Community Health Studies (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Centre for Active and Healthy Ageing, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, , Huddinge, Sweden.
Centre of Community Education and Well-being, Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Malaysia.
Institute of Public and Preventive Health, Augusta University, th Street, Augusta, GA, , USA.
Vadu Rural Health Program, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Rasta Peth, Pune, India.
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, , Linköping, Sweden.
Biomedical Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand, South Africa.
Abstract summary
The restrictions associated with the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in changes to young children's daily routines and habits. The impact on their participation in movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary screen time and sleep) is unknown. This international longitudinal study compared young children's movement behaviours before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Parents of children aged 3-5 years, from 14 countries (8 low- and middle-income countries, LMICs) completed surveys to assess changes in movement behaviours and how these changes were associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys were completed in the 12 months up to March 2020 and again between May and June 2020 (at the height of restrictions). Physical activity (PA), sedentary screen time (SST) and sleep were assessed via parent survey. At Time 2, COVID-19 factors including level of restriction, environmental conditions, and parental stress were measured. Compliance with the World Health Organizations (WHO) Global guidelines for PA (180 min/day [≥60 min moderate- vigorous PA]), SST (≤1 h/day) and sleep (10-13 h/day) for children under 5 years of age, was determined.Nine hundred- forty-eight parents completed the survey at both time points. Children from LMICs were more likely to meet the PA (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AdjOR] = 2.0, 95%Confidence Interval [CI] 1.0,3.8) and SST (AdjOR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.2,3.9) guidelines than their high-income country (HIC) counterparts. Children who could go outside during COVID-19 were more likely to meet all WHO Global guidelines (AdjOR = 3.3, 95%CI 1.1,9.8) than those who were not. Children of parents with higher compared to lower stress were less likely to meet all three guidelines (AdjOR = 0.5, 95%CI 0.3,0.9).PA and SST levels of children from LMICs have been less impacted by COVID-19 than in HICs. Ensuring children can access an outdoor space, and supporting parents' mental health are important prerequisites for enabling pre-schoolers to practice healthy movement behaviours and meet the Global guidelines.
Authors & Co-authors:
Okely Anthony D AD
Kariippanon Katharina E KE
Guan Hongyan H
Taylor Ellie K EK
Suesse Thomas T
Cross Penny L PL
Chong Kar Hau KH
Suherman Adang A
Turab Ali A
Staiano Amanda E AE
Ha Amy S AS
El Hamdouchi Asmaa A
Baig Aqsa A
Poh Bee Koon BK
Del Pozo-Cruz Borja B
Chan Cecilia H S CHS
Nyström Christine Delisle CD
Koh Denise D
Webster E Kipling EK
Lubree Himangi H
Tang Hong Kim HK
Baddou Issad I
Del Pozo-Cruz Jesus J
Wong Jyh Eiin JE
Sultoni Kuston K
Nacher Maria M
Löf Marie M
Cui Mingming M
Hossain Mohammad Sorowar MS
Chathurangana P W Prasad PWP
Kand Uddhavi U
Wickramasinghe V P Pujitha VPP
Calleia Rebecca R
Ferdous Shameema S
Van Kim Thanh T
Wang Xiaojuan X
Draper Catherine E CE
Study Outcome
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