Why Are Enrichment Practices in Zoos Difficult to Implement Effectively?

Journal: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

Volume: 12

Issue: 5

Year of Publication: 

Affiliated Institutions:  College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT , Australia. Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi , Tartu, Estonia. School of Animal Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Southwell NG AJ, UK.

Abstract summary 

The good intentions of zoos to introduce enrichment practices that stimulate animals mentally and physically are not always achievable. Changes to the policies and procedures in organisations are difficult to fulfil for a range of reasons frequently investigated in change management literature. The implementation of these changes can be the source of ineffective attempts to generate positive interventions in organisations. In this study, we investigate whether interventions to improve animal management in zoos through enrichment are subject to implementation impediments. Qualitative data gathered from interviews with 23 keepers working with big cats across 12 zoos globally provided valuable insights into the barriers and enablers to the implementation of enrichment. Keepers participated voluntarily and worked in accredited zoos across Australia, New Zealand, Europe, south-east Asia, South Africa, and the United States of America. Thematic analysis of the data revealed five key themes that described some of the challenges zoos and keepers experience when implementing enrichment for big cats, in their words: , , , , . These themes provide additional insights into potential areas for improvement, including greater attention to the benefits of enrichment for animal mental health and increased transparency around enrichment objectives in zoos.

Authors & Co-authors:  Tuite Eileen K EK Moss Simon A SA Phillips Clive J CJ Ward Samantha J SJ

Study Outcome 

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Statistics
Citations :  Franken A., Edwards C., Lambert R. Executing strategic change: Understanding the critical management elements that lead to success. Calif. Manag. Rev. 2009;51:49–73. doi: 10.2307/41166493.
Authors :  4
Identifiers
Doi : 554
SSN : 2076-2615
Study Population
Male,Female
Mesh Terms
Other Terms
big cats;enrichment;keepers;process evaluation;thematic analysis;zoo management
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Qualitative
Country of Study
South Africa
Publication Country
Switzerland