Comprehensive measurement of the prevalence of dementia in low- and middle-income countries: STRiDE methodology and its application in Indonesia and South Africa.

Journal: BJPsych open

Volume: 9

Issue: 4

Year of Publication: 

Affiliated Institutions:  Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, UK; and Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, UK. Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Indonesia. Department of Neurology, University of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia. Alzheimer's Indonesia, Indonesia. Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Switzerland. Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK. Alzheimer's South Africa, South Africa. Psychogeriatric Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. Epidemiology Research Unit, Caribbean Institute for Health Research (CAIHR), The University of the West Indies, Jamaica. Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, UK.

Abstract summary 

A core element of the Strengthening Responses to Dementia in Developing Countries (STRiDE) programme was to generate novel data on the prevalence, cost and impact of dementia in low- and middle-income countries, to build better health policy. Indonesia and South Africa are two middle-income countries in need of such data.To present the STRiDE methodology and generate estimates of dementia prevalence in Indonesia and South Africa.We conducted community-based, single-phase, cross-sectional studies in Indonesia and South Africa, randomly sampling participants aged 65 years or older in each country. Dementia prevalence rates for each country were generated by using the 10/66 short schedule and applying its diagnostic algorithm. Weighted estimates were calculated with national sociodemographic data.Data were collected between September and December 2021 in 2110 people in Indonesia and 408 people in South Africa. The adjusted weighted dementia prevalence was 27.9% (95% CI 25.2-28.9) in Indonesia and 12.5% (95% CI 9.5-16.0) in South Africa. Our results indicate that there could be >4.2 million people in Indonesia and >450 000 people in South Africa who have dementia. Only five participants (0.2%) in Indonesia and two (0.5%) in South Africa had been previously diagnosed with dementia.Despite prevalence estimates being high, formal diagnosis rates of dementia were very low across both countries (<1%). Further STRiDE investigations will provide indications of the impact and costs of dementia in these countries, but our results provide evidence that dementia needs to be prioritised within national health and social care policy agendas.

Authors & Co-authors:  Farina Nicolas N Jacobs Roxanne R Turana Yuda Y Fitri Fasihah Irfani FI Schneider Marguerite M Theresia Imelda I Docrat Sumaiyah S Sani Tara Puspitarini TP Augustina Lydia L Albanese Emiliano E Comas-Herrera Adelina A Du Toit Petra P Ferri Cleusa P CP Govia Ishtar I Ibnidris Aliaa A Knapp Martin M Banerjee Sube S

Study Outcome 

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Statistics
Citations :  GBD 2019 Dementia Forecasting Collaborators. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. Lancet Public Health 2022; 7(2): e105.
Authors :  17
Identifiers
Doi : e102
SSN : 2056-4724
Study Population
Male,Female
Mesh Terms
Other Terms
Dementia;epidemiology;low- and middle-income countries;outcome studies;statistical methodology
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Country of Study
South Africa
Publication Country
England