Compulsive sexual behavior disorder in 42 countries: Insights from the International Sex Survey and introduction of standardized assessment tools.
Journal: Journal of behavioral addictions
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Year of Publication: 2023
Affiliated Institutions:
Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada.
Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
Departmento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, University Jaume I of Castellón, Spain.
Institute for Behavioural Addictions, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Austria.
Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
Virtual Teaching and Cyberpsychology Laboratory, School of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico.
William James Center for Research, Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Spain.
Department of Psychology, College of Humanity and Social Science, Fuzhou University, China.
Section of Sexual Psychopathology, Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom.
HELP University, Malaysia.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel.
Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Republic of North Macedonia.
Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland.
Bowling Green State University, USA.
University of Baghdad, College of Medicine, Iraq.
Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, , Bangladesh.
Universidad Pedagógca y Tecnológica de Colombia, Colombia.
Department of Psychology, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Department of Educational Psychology and Psychology of Health, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Slovakia.
School of Psychology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom.
Health Promotion Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland.
Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea.
Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland.
Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Public Health Institute, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, United Kingdom.
SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Faculty of Psychology, University of Cuenca, Ecuador.
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú.
Babeș-Bolyai University, Romania.
James Cook University, Australia.
Department of Educational Psychology and Psychology of Health, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Slovakia.
Artois University, France.
Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, South Korea.
Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Talca, Chile.
Departamento de Psicología y Filosofía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Arica y Parinacota, Chile.
Florida State University, Republic of Panama.
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú.
Leuven School for Mass Communication, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.
Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, , India.
Department of Psychology, Shardha University, India.
Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.
Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia.
Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Austrian Public Health Institute, Austria.
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
Abstract summary
Despite its inclusion in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, there is a virtual paucity of high-quality scientific evidence about compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD), especially in underrepresented and underserved populations. Therefore, we comprehensively examined CSBD across 42 countries, genders, and sexual orientations, and validated the original (CSBD-19) and short (CSBD-7) versions of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale to provide standardized, state-of-the-art screening tools for research and clinical practice.Using data from the International Sex Survey (N = 82,243; Mage = 32.39 years, SD = 12.52), we evaluated the psychometric properties of the CSBD-19 and CSBD-7 and compared CSBD across 42 countries, three genders, eight sexual orientations, and individuals with low vs. high risk of experiencing CSBD.A total of 4.8% of the participants were at high risk of experiencing CSBD. Country- and gender-based differences were observed, while no sexual-orientation-based differences were present in CSBD levels. Only 14% of individuals with CSBD have ever sought treatment for this disorder, with an additional 33% not having sought treatment because of various reasons. Both versions of the scale demonstrated excellent validity and reliability.This study contributes to a better understanding of CSBD in underrepresented and underserved populations and facilitates its identification in diverse populations by providing freely accessible ICD-11-based screening tools in 26 languages. The findings may also serve as a crucial building block to stimulate research into evidence-based, culturally sensitive prevention and intervention strategies for CSBD that are currently missing from the literature.
Authors & Co-authors:
Bőthe Beáta B
Koós Mónika M
Nagy Léna L
Kraus Shane W SW
Demetrovics Zsolt Z
Potenza Marc N MN
Michaud Aurélie A
Ballester-Arnal Rafael R
Batthyány Dominik D
Bergeron Sophie S
Billieux Joël J
Briken Peer P
Burkauskas Julius J
Cárdenas-López Georgina G
Carvalho Joana J
Castro-Calvo Jesús J
Chen Lijun L
Ciocca Giacomo G
Corazza Ornella O
Csako Rita R
Fernandez David P DP
Fernandez Elaine F EF
Fournier Loïs L
Fujiwara Hironobu H
Fuss Johannes J
Gabrhelík Roman R
Gewirtz-Meydan Ateret A
Gjoneska Biljana B
Gola Mateusz M
Grubbs Joshua B JB
Hashim Hashim T HT
Islam Md Saiful MS
Ismail Mustafa M
Jiménez-Martínez Martha C MC
Jurin Tanja T
Kalina Ondrej O
Klein Verena V
Költő András A
Lee Chih-Ting CT
Lee Sang-Kyu SK
Lewczuk Karol K
Lin Chung-Ying CY
Lochner Christine C
López-Alvarado Silvia S
Lukavská Kateřina K
Mayta-Tristán Percy P
Milea Ionut I
Miller Dan J DJ
Orosová Oľga O
Orosz Gábor G
Ponce Fernando P FP
Quintana Gonzalo R GR
Quintero Garzola Gabriel C GC
Ramos-Diaz Jano J
Rigaud Kévin K
Rousseau Ann A
De Tubino Scanavino Marco M
Schulmeyer Marion K MK
Sharan Pratap P
Shibata Mami M
Shoib Sheikh S
Sigre Leirós Vera L VL
Sniewski Luke L
Spasovski Ognen O
Steibliene Vesta V
Stein Dan J DJ
Strizek Julian J
Štulhofer Aleksandar A
Ünsal Berk C BC
Vaillancourt-Morel Marie-Pier MP
Study Outcome
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