Cortical morphology in patients with the deficit and non-deficit syndrome of schizophrenia: a worldwide meta- and mega-analyses.
Journal: Molecular psychiatry
Volume: 28
Issue: 10
Year of Publication: 2024
Affiliated Institutions:
Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy. n.banaj@hsantalucia.it.
Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
Child and Adolescence Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Psichiatry and Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurology, King's College London, London, UK.
Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurology, King's College London, London, UK.
Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
FIMDAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.
Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.
Hospital Benito Menni CASM, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.
Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburg, EH HF, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California Irvine, Newfoundland, NJ, NJ , USA.
Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, , USA.
Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
West Region, Institute of Mental Health, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore.
CARE, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic.
SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA.
Department of child and adolescent psychiatry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany.
Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Abstract summary
Converging evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) with primary, enduring negative symptoms (i.e., Deficit SZ (DSZ)) represents a distinct entity within the SZ spectrum while the neurobiological underpinnings remain undetermined. In the largest dataset of DSZ and Non-Deficit (NDSZ), we conducted a meta-analysis of data from 1560 individuals (168 DSZ, 373 NDSZ, 1019 Healthy Controls (HC)) and a mega-analysis of a subsampled data from 944 individuals (115 DSZ, 254 NDSZ, 575 HC) collected across 9 worldwide research centers of the ENIGMA SZ Working Group (8 in the mega-analysis), to clarify whether they differ in terms of cortical morphology. In the meta-analysis, sites computed effect sizes for differences in cortical thickness and surface area between SZ and control groups using a harmonized pipeline. In the mega-analysis, cortical values of individuals with schizophrenia and control participants were analyzed across sites using mixed-model ANCOVAs. The meta-analysis of cortical thickness showed a converging pattern of widespread thinner cortex in fronto-parietal regions of the left hemisphere in both DSZ and NDSZ, when compared to HC. However, DSZ have more pronounced thickness abnormalities than NDSZ, mostly involving the right fronto-parietal cortices. As for surface area, NDSZ showed differences in fronto-parietal-temporo-occipital cortices as compared to HC, and in temporo-occipital cortices as compared to DSZ. Although DSZ and NDSZ show widespread overlapping regions of thinner cortex as compared to HC, cortical thinning seems to better typify DSZ, being more extensive and bilateral, while surface area alterations are more evident in NDSZ. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that DSZ and NDSZ are characterized by different neuroimaging phenotypes, supporting a nosological distinction between DSZ and NDSZ and point toward the separate disease hypothesis.
Authors & Co-authors:
Banaj Nerisa N
Vecchio Daniela D
Piras Fabrizio F
De Rossi Pietro P
Bustillo Juan J
Ciufolini Simone S
Dazzan Paola P
Di Forti Marta M
Dickie Erin W EW
Ford Judith M JM
Fuentes-Claramonte Paola P
Gruber Oliver O
Guerrero-Pedraza Amalia A
Hamilton Holly K HK
Howells Fleur M FM
Kraemer Bernd B
Lawrie Stephen M SM
Mathalon Daniel H DH
Murray Robin R
Pomarol-Clotet Edith E
Potkin Steven G SG
Preda Adrian A
Radua Joaquim J
Richter Anja A
Salvador Raymond R
Sawa Akira A
Scheffler Freda F
Sim Kang K
Spaniel Filip F
Stein Dan J DJ
Temmingh Henk S HS
Thomopoulos Sophia I SI
Tomecek David D
Uhlmann Anne A
Voineskos Aristotle A
Yang Kun K
Jahanshad Neda N
Thompson Paul M PM
Van Erp Theo G M TGM
Turner Jessica A JA
Spalletta Gianfranco G
Piras Federica F
Study Outcome
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