Population genomics of post-glacial western Eurasia.
Journal: Nature
Volume: 625
Issue: 7994
Year of Publication: 2024
Affiliated Institutions: Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. morten.allentoft@curtin.edu.au. Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. martin.sikora@sund.ku.dk. Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. GeoGenetics Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Department of Historical Studies, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. The National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. Section for Evolutionary Genomics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Anthropology Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. Department of Geology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Tårnby Gymnasium og HF, Kastrup, Denmark. Department of Archaeology and Heritage Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. Department of Health Technology, Section of Bioinformatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. Vendsyssel Historiske Museum, Hjørring, Denmark. Terra Ltd., Voronezh, Russian Federation. Department of Archaeology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. Institute of Archeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation. Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation. Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation. CIAS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. Kostanay Regional University A. Baitursynov, Kostanay, Kazakhstan. Vesthimmerlands Museum, Aars, Denmark. Grupo EvoAdapta, Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. Institute of Evolutionary Biology, CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas de Cantabria, Universidad de Cantabria, Banco Santander, Gobierno de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. Georgian National Museum, Tbilisi, Georgia. IPND, Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russian Federation. Departament de Prehistòria, Arqueologia i Història Antiga, Universitat de València, València, Spain. Institute of Humanities, Ivanovo State University, Ivanovo, Russian Federation. Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation. Saryarka Archaeological Institute, Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The Saxo Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Museum Østjylland, Randers, Denmark. Soprintendenza Archeologia Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la Città Metropolitana di Bari, Bari, Italy. UMR PACEA, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France. A.Kh. Margulan Institute of Archaeology, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Institute of Archaeology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine. Collège de France, Paris, France. Svendborg Museum, Svendborg, Denmark. UNIARQ, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. ARGEA Consultores SL, Madrid, Spain. Museum Sydøstdanmark, Vordingborg, Denmark. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland. Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Min. Culture, UMR , LAMPEA, Maison Méditerranéenne des Sciences de l'Homme, Aix-en-Provence, France. Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia. HistorieUdvikler, Kalundborg, Denmark. Department of History and Cultural Heritage, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. Centre d'Anthropobiologie et de Génomique de Toulouse, CNRS UMR , Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici delle Marche, Ancona, Italy. Västergötlands Museum, Skara, Sweden. Cabinet of Anthropology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russian Federation. Department of History, Humanities and Society, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. Faculty of Archaeology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland. Institute of Archaeology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland. Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation. Department of Anthropology, Czech National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic. Department of Health and Nature, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland. The Viking Ship Museum, Roskilde, Denmark. Archaeology Institute, University of Highlands and Islands, Orkney, UK. Scientific Research Center "Baikal region", Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation. Laboratory for Experimental Traceology, Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation. Janus Pannonius Museum, Pécs, Hungary. Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la provincia di Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy. Paleoecology Laboratory, Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation. Centre for the Study of Early Agricultural Societies, Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Museum Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark. Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. ArchaeoScience, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of History, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Lipetsk Regional Scientific Public Organisation "Archaeological Research", Lipetsk, Russian Federation. Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia. Moesgaard Museum, Højbjerg, Denmark. Nizhny Tagil State Socio-Pedagogical Institute, Nizhny Tagil, Russia. Institute for History of Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. Centre for Archaeological Research, Toraighyrov University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan. Malmö Museer, Malmö, Sweden. Institute of Statistical Sciences, School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. ew@cam.ac.uk.
Abstract summary
Western Eurasia witnessed several large-scale human migrations during the Holocene. Here, to investigate the cross-continental effects of these migrations, we shotgun-sequenced 317 genomes-mainly from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods-from across northern and western Eurasia. These were imputed alongside published data to obtain diploid genotypes from more than 1,600 ancient humans. Our analyses revealed a 'great divide' genomic boundary extending from the Black Sea to the Baltic. Mesolithic hunter-gatherers were highly genetically differentiated east and west of this zone, and the effect of the neolithization was equally disparate. Large-scale ancestry shifts occurred in the west as farming was introduced, including near-total replacement of hunter-gatherers in many areas, whereas no substantial ancestry shifts happened east of the zone during the same period. Similarly, relatedness decreased in the west from the Neolithic transition onwards, whereas, east of the Urals, relatedness remained high until around 4,000 BP, consistent with the persistence of localized groups of hunter-gatherers. The boundary dissolved when Yamnaya-related ancestry spread across western Eurasia around 5,000 BP, resulting in a second major turnover that reached most parts of Europe within a 1,000-year span. The genetic origin and fate of the Yamnaya have remained elusive, but we show that hunter-gatherers from the Middle Don region contributed ancestry to them. Yamnaya groups later admixed with individuals associated with the Globular Amphora culture before expanding into Europe. Similar turnovers occurred in western Siberia, where we report new genomic data from a 'Neolithic steppe' cline spanning the Siberian forest steppe to Lake Baikal. These prehistoric migrations had profound and lasting effects on the genetic diversity of Eurasian populations.Authors & Co-authors: Allentoft Morten E ME Sikora Martin M Refoyo-Martínez Alba A Irving-Pease Evan K EK Fischer Anders A Barrie William W Ingason Andrés A Stenderup Jesper J Sjögren Karl-Göran KG Pearson Alice A Sousa da Mota Bárbara B Schulz Paulsson Bettina B Halgren Alma A Macleod Ruairidh R Jørkov Marie Louise Schjellerup MLS Demeter Fabrice F Sørensen Lasse L Nielsen Poul Otto PO Henriksen Rasmus A RA Vimala Tharsika T McColl Hugh H Margaryan Ashot A Ilardo Melissa M Vaughn Andrew A Fischer Mortensen Morten M Nielsen Anne Birgitte AB Ulfeldt Hede Mikkel M Johannsen Niels Nørkjær NN Rasmussen Peter P Vinner Lasse L Renaud Gabriel G Stern Aaron A Jensen Theis Zetner Trolle TZT Scorrano Gabriele G Schroeder Hannes H Lysdahl Per P Ramsøe Abigail Daisy AD Skorobogatov Andrei A Schork Andrew Joseph AJ Rosengren Anders A Ruter Anthony A Outram Alan A Timoshenko Aleksey A AA Buzhilova Alexandra A Coppa Alfredo A Zubova Alisa A Silva Ana Maria AM Hansen Anders J AJ Gromov Andrey A Logvin Andrey A Gotfredsen Anne Birgitte AB Henning Nielsen Bjarne B González-Rabanal Borja B Lalueza-Fox Carles C McKenzie Catriona J CJ Gaunitz Charleen C Blasco Concepción C Liesau Corina C Martinez-Labarga Cristina C Pozdnyakov Dmitri V DV Cuenca-Solana David D Lordkipanidze David O DO En'shin Dmitri D Salazar-García Domingo C DC Price T Douglas TD Borić Dušan D Kostyleva Elena E Veselovskaya Elizaveta V EV Usmanova Emma R ER Cappellini Enrico E Brinch Petersen Erik E Kannegaard Esben E Radina Francesca F Eylem Yediay Fulya F Duday Henri H Gutiérrez-Zugasti Igor I Merts Ilya I Potekhina Inna I Shevnina Irina I Altinkaya Isin I Guilaine Jean J Hansen Jesper J Aura Tortosa Joan Emili JE Zilhão João J Vega Jorge J Buck Pedersen Kristoffer K Tunia Krzysztof K Zhao Lei L Mylnikova Liudmila N LN Larsson Lars L Metz Laure L Yepiskoposyan Levon L Pedersen Lisbeth L Sarti Lucia L Orlando Ludovic L Slimak Ludovic L Klassen Lutz L Blank Malou M González-Morales Manuel M Silvestrini Mara M Vretemark Maria M Nesterova Marina S MS Rykun Marina M Rolfo Mario Federico MF Szmyt Marzena M Przybyła Marcin M Calattini Mauro M Sablin Mikhail M Dobisíková Miluše M Meldgaard Morten M Johansen Morten M Berezina Natalia N Card Nick N Saveliev Nikolai A NA Poshekhonova Olga O Rickards Olga O Lozovskaya Olga V OV Gábor Olivér O Uldum Otto Christian OC Aurino Paola P Kosintsev Pavel P Courtaud Patrice P Ríos Patricia P Mortensen Peder P Lotz Per P Persson Per P Bangsgaard Pernille P de Barros Damgaard Peter P Vang Petersen Peter P Martinez Pilar Prieto PP Włodarczak Piotr P Smolyaninov Roman V RV Maring Rikke R Menduiña Roberto R Badalyan Ruben R Iversen Rune R Turin Ruslan R Vasilyev Sergey S Wåhlin Sidsel S Borutskaya Svetlana S Skochina Svetlana S Sørensen Søren Anker SA Andersen Søren H SH Jørgensen Thomas T Serikov Yuri B YB Molodin Vyacheslav I VI Smrcka Vaclav V Merts Victor V Appadurai Vivek V Moiseyev Vyacheslav V Magnusson Yvonne Y Kjær Kurt H KH Lynnerup Niels N Lawson Daniel J DJ Sudmant Peter H PH Rasmussen Simon S Korneliussen Thorfinn Sand TS Durbin Richard R Nielsen Rasmus R Delaneau Olivier O Werge Thomas T Racimo Fernando F Kristiansen Kristian K Willerslev Eske E
Study Outcome
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Citations : Allentoft ME, et al. Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia. Nature. 2015;522:167–172. doi: 10.1038/nature14507.Authors : 164
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Doi : 10.1038/s41586-023-06865-0SSN : 1476-4687