The associations between psychotic experiences and substance use and substance use disorders: findings from the World Health Organization World Mental Health surveys.
Journal: Addiction (Abingdon, England)
Volume: 113
Issue: 5
Year of Publication: 2019
Affiliated Institutions:
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW.
Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, and Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Center for Reducing Health Disparities, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USA.
College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiya University, Diwaniya governorate, Iraq.
Health Services Research Unit, IMIM-Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
Núcleo de Epidemiologia Psiquiátrica-LIM , Instituto de Psiquiatria Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (UPC-KUL), Campus Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
Lisbon Institute of Global Mental Health and Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Unit of Epidemiological and Evaluation Psychiatry, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS)-St John of God Clinical Research Centre, Brescia, Italy.
National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Balamand University, Beirut, Lebanon.
EHESP Dpt MéTis Epidémiologie et biostatistiques pour la décision en santé publique /Laboratoire Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé (EA ), Université Paris Descartes EHESP School for Public Health, Paris, France.
Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong.
Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Universités Paris Descartes-Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente, Mexico City, México.
Survey Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
UDIF-SM, Subdirección General de Planificación, Innovación y Cronicidad, Servicio Murciano de Salud. IMIB-Arrixaca, CIBERESP-Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Universidad Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Faculty of Social Sciences, Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca University, Bogota, Colombia.
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand.
Departamento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Trimbos-Instituut, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA.
Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, and Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Abstract summary
Prior research has found bidirectional associations between psychotic experiences (PEs) and selected substance use disorders. We aimed to extend this research by examining the bidirectional association between PEs and various types of substance use (SU) and substance use disorders (SUDs), and the influence of antecedent mental disorders on these associations.We used data from the World Health Organization World Mental Health surveys. A total of 30 902 adult respondents across 18 countries were assessed for (a) six types of life-time PEs, (b) a range of types of SU and DSM-IV SUDs and (c) mental disorders using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Discrete-time survival analyses based on retrospective age-at-onset reports examined the bidirectional associations between PEs and SU/SUDs controlling for antecedent mental disorders.After adjusting for demographics, comorbid SU/SUDs and antecedent mental disorders, those with prior alcohol use disorders [odds ratio (OR) = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0], extra-medical prescription drug use (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-1.9), alcohol use (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.1-1.7) and tobacco use (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.0-1.8) had increased odds of subsequent first onset of PEs. In contrast, those with temporally prior PEs had increased odds of subsequent onset of tobacco use (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2-1.9), alcohol use (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1-1.6) or cannabis use (OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.0-1.5) as well as of all substance use disorders (ORs ranged between 1.4 and 1.5). There was a dose response relationship between both count and frequency of PEs and increased subsequent odds of selected SU/SUDs.Associations between psychotic experiences (PEs) and substance use/substance use disorders (SU/SUDs) are often bidirectional, but not all types of SU/SUDs are associated with PEs. These findings suggest that it is important to be aware of the presence of PEs within those with SUDs or at risk of SUDs, given the plausibility that they may each impact upon the other.
Authors & Co-authors:
Degenhardt Louisa L
Saha Sukanta S
Lim Carmen C W CCW
Aguilar-Gaxiola Sergio S
Al-Hamzawi Ali A
Alonso Jordi J
Andrade Laura H LH
Bromet Evelyn J EJ
Bruffaerts Ronny R
Caldas-de-Almeida José Miguel JM
de Girolamo Giovanni G
Florescu Silvia S
Gureje Oye O
Haro Josep M JM
Karam Elie G EG
Karam Georges G
Kovess-Masfety Viviane V
Lee Sing S
Lepine Jean-Pierre JP
Makanjuola Victor V
Medina-Mora Maria E ME
Mneimneh Zeina Z
Navarro-Mateu Fernando F
Piazza Marina M
Posada-Villa José J
Sampson Nancy A NA
Scott Kate M KM
Stagnaro Juan Carlos JC
Ten Have Margreet M
Kendler Kenneth S KS
Kessler Ronald C RC
McGrath John J JJ
Study Outcome
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