Abstract summary 

Multiple facets of the pandemic can be a source of fear, depression, anxiety and can cause changes in sleep patterns. The aim of this study was to identify health profiles and the COVID-19 pandemic related factors associated with fear, depression, anxiety and changes in sleep pattern in adults in Nigeria.The data for this analysis was extracted from a cross-sectional online survey that collected information about mental health and well-ness from a convenience sample of adults 18 years and above resident in Nigeria from July to December 2020. Study participants were asked to complete an anonymous, closed-ended online questionnaire that solicited information on sociodemographic profile, health profiles (high, moderate and low COVID-19 infection risk profile) including HIV status, COVID-19 status, and self-reported experiences of fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns.In total, 4,439 participants with mean age of 38.3 (±11.6) years responded to the survey. Factors associated with higher odds of having COVID-19 related fear were health risk ( < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 3.88; 95% CI: 3.22-4.69); having COVID-19 symptoms but not tested (AOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.30-1.99); having a friend who tested positive to COVID-19 (AOR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07-1.53) and knowing someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.65). The odds of feeling anxious was significantly higher for those with moderate or low health risk profile ( < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.32-2.04); had a friend who tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.08-1.68) or knew someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.28-1.84). The odds of feeling depressed was significantly higher for those with health risk profile ( < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.89-3.28); and respondents who had COVID-19 symptoms but had not taken a test (AOR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.02-1.94). Factors associated with higher odds of having sleep pattern changes were having moderate and low health risk profiles ( < 0.05).The study findings suggest that the pandemic may cause fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns differently for people with different health profile, HIV status and COVID-19 status.

Authors & Co-authors:  Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin MO Ibigbami Olanrewaju O Brown Brandon B El Tantawi Maha M Aly Nourhan M NM Ezechi Oliver C OC Abeldaño Giuliana Florencia GF Ara Eshrat E Ayanore Martin Amogre MA Ellakany Passent P Gaffar Balgis B Al-Khanati Nuraldeen Maher NM Idigbe Ifeoma I Jafer Mohammed M Khan Abeedha Tu-Allah AT Khalid Zumama Z Lawal Folake Barakat FB Lusher Joanne J Nzimande Ntombifuthi P NP Popoola Bamidele Olubukola BO Quadri Mir Faeq Ali MFA Roque Mark M Al-Tammemi Ala'a B AB Yousaf Muhammad Abrar MA Virtanen Jorma I JI Zuñiga Roberto Ariel Abeldaño RAA Ndembi Nicaise N Nkengasong John N JN Nguyen Annie Lu AL

Study Outcome 

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