Depression, anxiety and stress, during COVID-19 pandemic among midwives in ethiopia: A nationwide cross-sectional survey.

Journal: Frontiers in psychiatry

Volume: 13

Issue: 

Year of Publication: 

Affiliated Institutions:  School of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia. Department of Women's and Family Health, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.

Abstract summary 

COVID-19 has rapidly crossed borders, infecting people throughout the whole world, and has led to a wide range of psychological sequelae. Midwives who come close in contact with women while providing care are often left stricken with inadequate protection from contamination with COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS) among midwives in Ethiopia.A cross-sectional study was conducted from 20 June to 20 August 2020, among 1,691 practicing midwives in Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected through a structured telephone interview. A 21-item depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) was used. Data were entered using the Google forms platform and were analyzed with SPSS version 24. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed. Variables with a value < 0.05 in the final model were declared statistically significant. Adjusted odds ratio () with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% ) was used to determine independent predictors.The prevalence of DASS among midwives in Ethiopia was 41.1, 29.6, and 19.0%, respectively. Being female [ = 1.35; 95% : 1.08, 1.69], working in rural areas [ = 1.39; 95% : 1.06, 1.82], having poor knowledge of COVID-19 [ = 1.40; 95% : 1.12, 1.75], having poor preventive practice [ = 1.83; 95% : 1.47, 2.28], and substance use [ = 0.31; 95% : 0.17, 0.56] were significantly associated with depression; while, working in the governmental health facility [ = 2.44; 95% : 1.24, 4.78], having poor preventive practice [ = 1,47; 95% : 1.16, 1.85], and having poor attitude [ = 2.22; 95% : 1.04, 1.66] were significantly associated with anxiety. Furthermore, working in rural areas [ = 0.57; 95% : 0.39, 0.83], substance use [ = 2.06; 95% : 1.51, 2.81], having poor knowledge [ = 1.44; 95% : 1.20, 1.90], and having poor preventive practice [ = 1.60; 95% : 1.23, 2.10] were associated with stress.In this study, the overall magnitude of depression, anxiety, and stress were high. Addressing knowledge gaps through information, training, and safety protocols on COVID-19 and the provision of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) is essential to preserve the mental health of Midwives during COVID-19.

Authors & Co-authors:  Kassahun Eskeziaw Abebe EA Kassie Belayneh Ayanaw BA Tilahun Sewbesew Yitayih SY Bizuneh Asmamaw Demis AD

Study Outcome 

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Statistics
Citations :  Zhou P, Yang X-L, Wang X-G, Hu B, Zhang L, Zhang W, et al. A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin. Nature. (2020) 579:270–3.
Authors :  4
Identifiers
Doi : 867040
SSN : 1664-0640
Study Population
Women,Female
Mesh Terms
Other Terms
COVID-19;Ethiopia;anxiety;depression;midwives;stress
Study Design
Cross Sectional Study
Study Approach
Country of Study
Ethiopia
Publication Country
Switzerland