The Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Among US States, 1990-2016.
Journal: JAMA cardiology
Volume: 3
Issue: 5
Year of Publication: 2019
Affiliated Institutions:
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.
Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena, Bolívar, Columbia.
Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Public Health Foundation of India, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia.
University of Oxford, Oxford, England.
University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Independent Public Health Consultant, Addis Abbaba, Ethiopia.
Observatorio Nacional de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, DC, Colombia.
INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.
Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.
University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.
Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Catholic University of Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal.
Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston.
School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Mizan Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia.
Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
New York Medical College, Valhalla.
Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana.
Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Clinical Research Center, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing.
Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
United Nations Population Fund, New York, New York.
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Columbia University, New York, New York.
Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Hassan Abad, Karaj, Iran.
BRAC, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, West Bengal, India.
Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
National Institute of Public Health, Wako, Japan.
Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan.
Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Sant Joan de Déu Research Foundation, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.
National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
King's College London, London, England.
Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.
University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi.
Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
University Hospital of Setif, Setif, Algeria.
Abstract summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States, but regional variation within the United States is large. Comparable and consistent state-level measures of total CVD burden and risk factors have not been produced previously.To quantify and describe levels and trends of lost health due to CVD within the United States from 1990 to 2016 as well as risk factors driving these changes.Using the Global Burden of Disease methodology, cardiovascular disease mortality, nonfatal health outcomes, and associated risk factors were analyzed by age group, sex, and year from 1990 to 2016 for all residents in the United States using standardized approaches for data processing and statistical modeling. Burden of disease was estimated for 10 groupings of CVD, and comparative risk analysis was performed. Data were analyzed from August 2016 to July 2017.Residing in the United States.Cardiovascular disease disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs).Between 1990 and 2016, age-standardized CVD DALYs for all states decreased. Several states had large rises in their relative rank ordering for total CVD DALYs among states, including Arkansas, Oklahoma, Alabama, Kentucky, Missouri, Indiana, Kansas, Alaska, and Iowa. The rate of decline varied widely across states, and CVD burden increased for a small number of states in the most recent years. Cardiovascular disease DALYs remained twice as large among men compared with women. Ischemic heart disease was the leading cause of CVD DALYs in all states, but the second most common varied by state. Trends were driven by 12 groups of risk factors, with the largest attributable CVD burden due to dietary risk exposures followed by high systolic blood pressure, high body mass index, high total cholesterol level, high fasting plasma glucose level, tobacco smoking, and low levels of physical activity. Increases in risk-deleted CVD DALY rates between 2006 and 2016 in 16 states suggest additional unmeasured risks beyond these traditional factors.Large disparities in total burden of CVD persist between US states despite marked improvements in CVD burden. Differences in CVD burden are largely attributable to modifiable risk exposures.
Authors & Co-authors:
Roth Gregory A GA
Johnson Catherine O CO
Abate Kalkidan Hassen KH
Abd-Allah Foad F
Ahmed Muktar M
Alam Khurshid K
Alam Tahiya T
Alvis-Guzman Nelson N
Ansari Hossein H
Ärnlöv Johan J
Atey Tesfay Mehari TM
Awasthi Ashish A
Awoke Tadesse T
Barac Aleksandra A
Bärnighausen Till T
Bedi Neeraj N
Bennett Derrick D
Bensenor Isabela I
Biadgilign Sibhatu S
Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos C
Catalá-López Ferrán F
Davletov Kairat K
Dharmaratne Samath S
Ding Eric L EL
Dubey Manisha M
Faraon Emerito Jose Aquino EJA
Farid Talha T
Farvid Maryam S MS
Feigin Valery V
Fernandes João J
Frostad Joseph J
Gebru Alemseged A
Geleijnse Johanna M JM
Gona Philimon Nyakauru PN
Griswold Max M
Hailu Gessessew Bugssa GB
Hankey Graeme J GJ
Hassen Hamid Yimam HY
Havmoeller Rasmus R
Hay Simon S
Heckbert Susan R SR
Irvine Caleb Mackay Salpeter CMS
James Spencer Lewis SL
Jara Dube D
Kasaeian Amir A
Khan Abdur Rahman AR
Khera Sahil S
Khoja Abdullah T AT
Khubchandani Jagdish J
Kim Daniel D
Kolte Dhaval D
Lal Dharmesh D
Larsson Anders A
Linn Shai S
Lotufo Paulo A PA
Magdy Abd El Razek Hassan H
Mazidi Mohsen M
Meier Toni T
Mendoza Walter W
Mensah George A GA
Meretoja Atte A
Mezgebe Haftay Berhane HB
Mirrakhimov Erkin E
Mohammed Shafiu S
Moran Andrew Edward AE
Nguyen Grant G
Nguyen Minh M
Ong Kanyin Liane KL
Owolabi Mayowa M
Pletcher Martin M
Pourmalek Farshad F
Purcell Caroline A CA
Qorbani Mostafa M
Rahman Mahfuzar M
Rai Rajesh Kumar RK
Ram Usha U
Reitsma Marissa Bettay MB
Renzaho Andre M N AMN
Rios-Blancas Maria Jesus MJ
Safiri Saeid S
Salomon Joshua A JA
Sartorius Benn B
Sepanlou Sadaf Ghajarieh SG
Shaikh Masood Ali MA
Silva Diego D
Stranges Saverio S
Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael R
Tadele Atnafu Niguse N
Thakur J S JS
Topor-Madry Roman R
Truelsen Thomas T
Tuzcu E Murat EM
Tyrovolas Stefanos S
Ukwaja Kingsley Nnanna KN
Vasankari Tommi T
Vlassov Vasiliy V
Vollset Stein Emil SE
Wakayo Tolassa T
Weintraub Robert R
Wolfe Charles C
Workicho Abdulhalik A
Xu Gelin G
Yadgir Simon S
Yano Yuichiro Y
Yip Paul P
Yonemoto Naohiro N
Younis Mustafa M
Yu Chuanhua C
Zaidi Zoubida Z
Zaki Maysaa El Sayed MES
Zipkin Ben B
Afshin Ashkan A
Gakidou Emmanuela E
Lim Stephen S SS
Mokdad Ali H AH
Naghavi Mohsen M
Vos Theo T
Murray Christopher J L CJL
Study Outcome
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