Factors Associated With Perception of Stigma Among Parents of Children With Cleft Lip and Palate: Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal: JMIR formative research

Volume: 8

Issue: 

Year of Publication: 

Affiliated Institutions:  Ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology Department, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China. College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. Outpatient Department, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou, China.

Abstract summary 

Parents of children with cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) often face stigmatization, which has a significant impact on their quality of life and mental health. However, to date, there is a lack of comprehensive, multicenter empirical research on parents of children with CL/P in China, particularly those with large-scale samples.This study aimed to identify major factors that contribute to the perception of stigma experienced by parents of children with CL/P.A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 104 parents of children diagnosed with CL/P in 2 hospitals were selected by convenience sampling. Demographics and disease information, the Chinese Perception of Stigma Questionnaire, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and the Social Anxiety Scale were used in this study. Descriptive statistics, t tests, and one-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences between participants' demographic information and perception of stigma. Multivariable linear regression was performed to assess associations between demographic factors, social anxiety, depression, and perception of stigma.The mean scores for the dimensions of perception of stigma, depression, and social anxiety were 22.97 (SD 9.21), 38.34 (SD 8.25), and 22.86 (SD 6.69), respectively. Depression and social anxiety were positively associated with discrimination, while surgery status was a negatively associated variable. Parents with a college education or higher had significantly lower levels of perceived stigma compared to parents with a junior high school education (all P values <.05). These 4 factors explained 40.4% of the total model variance (F=9.726; P<.001; R=0.450; adjusted R=0.404).Our findings highlight a concerning trend of diminished quality of life among parents of children with CL/P. Factors such as parents' education level, surgery status, depression, and social anxiety are shown to influence the level of stigma experienced. Implementing comprehensive nursing care and providing presurgical support are effective strategies for alleviating parents' social anxiety, reducing perceived stigma, and preventing depression.

Authors & Co-authors:  Zhang Zhang Jiang Xie Xiang

Study Outcome 

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Statistics
Citations :  Alois C, Ruotolo R. An overview of cleft lip and palate. JAAPA. 2020 Dec;33(12):17–20. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000721644.06681.06.01720610-202012000-00003
Authors :  5
Identifiers
Doi : e53353
SSN : 2561-326X
Study Population
Male,Female
Mesh Terms
Other Terms
cleft lip;cleft palate;cross-sectional study;depression;parents of children with cleft lip and palate;social anxiety;stigma
Study Design
Study Approach
Country of Study
Publication Country
Canada