Recommendations for measuring and standardizing light for laboratory mammals to improve welfare and reproducibility in animal research.
Journal: PLoS biology
Volume: 22
Issue: 3
Year of Publication: 2024
Affiliated Institutions:
Centre for Biological Timing, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane, Louisiana, United States of America.
Department of Neuroscience, Izmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, Izmir, Turkey.
F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center and Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Center for Life Science, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Section on Light and Circadian Rhythms (SLCR), National Institute of Mental Health, John Edward Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
RSPCA, Horsham, West Sussex, United Kingdom.
Chronobiology Unit, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America.
The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America.
Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America.
NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, California, United States of America.
Laboratory Animal Center and Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
The Mary Lyon Centre, MRC Harwell, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.
Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute (SCNi), Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Abstract summary
Light enables vision and exerts widespread effects on physiology and behavior, including regulating circadian rhythms, sleep, hormone synthesis, affective state, and cognitive processes. Appropriate lighting in animal facilities may support welfare and ensure that animals enter experiments in an appropriate physiological and behavioral state. Furthermore, proper consideration of light during experimentation is important both when it is explicitly employed as an independent variable and as a general feature of the environment. This Consensus View discusses metrics to use for the quantification of light appropriate for nonhuman mammals and their application to improve animal welfare and the quality of animal research. It provides methods for measuring these metrics, practical guidance for their implementation in husbandry and experimentation, and quantitative guidance on appropriate light exposure for laboratory mammals. The guidance provided has the potential to improve data quality and contribute to reduction and refinement, helping to ensure more ethical animal use.
Authors & Co-authors:
Lucas
Allen
Brainard
Brown
Dauchy
Didikoglu
Do
Gaskill
Hattar
Hawkins
Hut
McDowell
Nelson
Prins
Schmidt
Takahashi
Verma
Voikar
Wells
Peirson
Study Outcome
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