Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

Journal: Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention

Volume: 26

Issue: Supp 1

Year of Publication: 2021

Affiliated Institutions:  Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA spencj@uw.edu. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Department of Public Health, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. Cardiovascular Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Egypt. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. School of Medicine Center for Politics, Population and Health Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University Nanjing, Nanjing, China. James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. Higher National School of Veterinary Medicine, Algiers, Algeria. Evidence Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, USA. School of Health Sciences, Madda Walabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia. Department of Computer Sciences, Imam Abdulrehman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Department of Nursing, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. Department of Pharmacy, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. Department of Population Health Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Faculty of Health Sciences - Health Management and Policy, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. Medical Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq. Department of Information Systems, College of Economics and Political Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman. School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Department of Health Services Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Health Care Management and Economics, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait. Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Physiotherapy Department, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Clinical Practice Guidelines Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Health Services Management Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan, Iran. Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines. Department of Sociology and Social Work, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. Department of Health Promotion and Education, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. School of Health Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK. Regional Centre for the Analysis of Data on Occupational and Work-related Injuries and Diseases, Local Health Unit Tuscany Centre, Florence, Italy. School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA. Department of Microbiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Azad Tabriz University, Iran. Department of Nursing, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia. The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia. Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Public Health Risk Sciences Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India. Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. Biochemistry Unit, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Institute of Health Management Research, Indian Institute of Health Management Research University, Jaipur, India. Health Policy And Management Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Demography, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. School of Health Sciences, Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Department of Research, Public Health Perspective Nepal, Pokhara-Lekhnath Metropolitan City, Nepal. School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Industrial Engineering, Pontifical Javeriana University, Bogota, Colombia. Occupational Health Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Public Health, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia. Department of Community Medicine, Gandhi Medical College Bhopal, Bhopal, India. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Institute of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia. Department of Psychiatry, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Reseach, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico. Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Springfield, MA, USA. Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. Transport and Road Safety (TARS) Research Department, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Institute of Epidemiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia. Department of Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. Research Department, Golden Community, Kathmandu, Nepal. Centre for Population Health Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Department of Population and Health, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico City, Mexico. Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Colombian National Health Observatory, National Institute of Health, Bogota, Colombia. Primary Care Services Area, Central Health Directorate, Region Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste, Italy. National School of Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain. Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana. Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. nd Department of Ophthalmology, University of Athens, Haidari, Greece. Department of Pediatrics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Maternal and Child Health Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam. Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Action, ACT, Australia. Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Population and Development, Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Department of Nursing, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia. School of Pharmacy, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia. Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK. Division of Cardiology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA. Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia. Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. Public Health Department, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. National Institute for Health Researches, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. Department of Statistics, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia. Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran. Department of Midwifery, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia. Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Biology Department, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq. Department of Psychology, Federal University of Sergipe, Sao Cristovao, Brazil. Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nursing Department, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Department of Neurobiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. REQUIMTE/LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Research Centre on Public Health (CESP), University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy. Department of Health Education & Behavioral Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, USA. Department of Population Medicine and Health Services Research, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany. Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran. Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia. Department of Dermatology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan. Public Health Department, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia. School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Department of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia. School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia. Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Department of Pharmacy, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia. Department of Medical Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Occupational Health Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. Department of Health Services Management, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Department of Dermatology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. Technical College of Health, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani, Iraq. Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil. School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD), World Health Organization (WHO), New Delhi, India. Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK. Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, University of Macau, Macao, China. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain. School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain. Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD, Australia. Department of Microbiology, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Department of Public Health, Mizan-Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia. Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Research Coordination, AC Environments Foundation, Cuernavaca, Mexico. Department of Urban Planning and Design, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX, USA. Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Department of Computer Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Central South University, Changsha, China. Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia. Department of Family Medicine, Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Bangalore, India. Center for Health Resource and Services Research and Development, National Institute of Health Research & Development, Jakarta, Indonesia. Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia. School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA. Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. School of Management and Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department for Health Care and Public Health, I M Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India. Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Opole, Opole, Poland. School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India. Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Personal Social Services Research Unit, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK. Department of Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. School of Public Health, Department of Health Informatics and Health Innovation, A C S Medical College and Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India. Department of Epidemiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Applied Physics, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin Voivodeship, Poland. Department of Pharmacy, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. Open, Distance and eLearning Campus, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. Department of Dermatology, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia. Department of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Department of Physiology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan. Health Care Management, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, zahedan, Iran. Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan. Faculty of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Department of Health Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India. Department of Psychiatry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Department of Epidemiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford University Global Surgery Group, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Research and Data Solutions, Synotech Consultant, Nairobi, Kenya. Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea. Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA. School of Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia. School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway. Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway. Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Department of Public Health Dentistry, Deemed University, karad, India. CIBERSAM, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. Department of Public Health, Yuksek Ihtisas University, Ankara, Turkey. Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana. Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA. Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India. Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee, India. Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. Health and Nutrition Section, United Nations Childrens' Fund (UNICEF), Accra, Ghana. Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy. Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. HelpMeSee, New York, NY, USA. Disease Control Department, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana. Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India. Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran. Institute of Clinical Physiology, Italian National Research Council, Pisa, Italy. College of Optometry, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA. School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia. School of Public Health, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia. School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Department of General Surgery, Aintree University Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK. Health Data Research UK, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. College of Medicine, Pathology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Ophthalmology Department, Aswan Faculty of Medicine, Aswan, Egypt. Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal. Department of Public Health, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. Public Health Research Department, National Health Institute Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. Health Education and Research Department, SDM College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Dharwad, India. Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Surgery Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania. Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia. Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK. Department of Midwifery-Reproductive Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Research Department, The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India. Department of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Department of Nursing, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA. Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Lima, Peru. Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. College of Health Science, Department of Midwifery, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia. Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Neurocenter, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, ZoraProfozic Polyclinic, Zagreb, Croatia. Center for Innovation in Medical Education, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases & Arterial Hypertension, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India. Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania. Faculty of Internal Medicine, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Health Equity Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Research Center, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq. Department of Information Technology, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Department of Biostatistics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. Department of Nursing, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran. Department of Public Health, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia. Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK. Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy. Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama. Department of Social Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Japan. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. School of Medical Sciences, Science University of Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia. Department of Pediatric Medicine, Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Research and Analytics, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India. Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India. Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India. Cochrane Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Embu, Embu, Kenya. Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam. Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Public Health Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Kota Semarang, Indonesia. Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. Reproductive Health Sciences, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, South Korea. Disease Surveillance and Epidemic Response, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Diplomacy and Public Relations Department, University of Human Development, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria. Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. Applied Research Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Department of Global Health Nursing, St Luke's International University, Chuo-ku, Japan. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Academy of Health Education and Research, Mysore, India. Department of Forensic Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India. Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa ON, Canada. Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Augenpraxis Jonas, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea. Research and Evaluation, Population Council, New Delhi, India. Regional Medical Research Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhubaneswar, India. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Department of Midwifery, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia. Royal Life Saving Society, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Center for Research and Innovation, Ateneo De Manila University, Pasig City, Philippines. Department of Orthopedics, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore, India. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Sechenon University, Moscow, Russia. Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. Health Sciences Department, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Sukoharjo, Indonesia. Department of Population Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India. Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India. Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Contech School of Public Health, Lahore, Pakistan. Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Department of Immunology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. School of Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, Australia. Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran. European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization (WHO), Moscow, Russia. Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Department of Oral Pathology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India. School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Tehran, Iran. Forensic Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India. Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India. School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQ University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Department of Computer Science, Metropolitan College, Boston University, Boston, USA. Neurology Department, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India. School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia. Brien Holden Vision Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Organization for the Prevention of Blindness, Paris, France. EPIUnit - Public Health Institute University Porto (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Surgery Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Research Directorate, Nihon Gakko University, Fernando de la Mora, Paraguay. Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bhopal, India. Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Emergency Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Faculty of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nanobiotechnology Center, Soran University, Soran, Iraq. Taleghani Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. Department of Urology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. Health and Disability Intelligence Group, Ministry of Health, Wellington, New Zealand. Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA. Rheumatology Department, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK. Institute of Social Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. Health Economics, Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Surgery Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA. Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia. School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. Faculty member of Education Development Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa. Emergency Department, Manian Medical Centre, Erode, India. Microbiology Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Center for Biomedical Information Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China. Department of Health Promotion and Education, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan. School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Chronic Diseases (Home Care) Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Centre for Medical Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan. College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, South Korea. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland. Department of Health Education & Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland. Department of Forensic Medicine, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Nepal. Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Department of Epidemiology, School of Preventive Oncology, Patna, India. nd Department of Surgery-SUUB, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania. Pain Management Research Institute (PMRI), Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia. Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran. Department of Biostatistics, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Department of Public Health, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia. Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull City, UK. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Department of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia. Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. Department of Criminology, Law and Society, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. School of Social Work, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA. Department of Public Health, Arbaminch College of Health Sciences, Arbaminch town sikela, Ethiopia. School of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Department of Pharmacognosy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia. Department of Public Health, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia. Psychiatry Department, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland. Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam. Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India. Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, A T Still University, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Gomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Research Department, National Institute of Population Studies (NIPS), Islamabad, Pakistan. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India. Division of Health Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina. UKK Institute, Tampere, Finland. Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia. Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan. Demographic Change and Ageing Research Area, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany. Department of Physical Therapy, Naresuan University, Meung District, Thailand. Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. Department of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. Medical Physics Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA. School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada. Health Services Management Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. School of Allied Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Department of Psychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. Department of Sociology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea. Department of Health Policy & Management, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA. Department of Environmental Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. School of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital of Setif, Setif, Algeria. Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran. Department of Environment Health Engineering, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Health Education, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. Department of Preventive Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Indian Institute of Public Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India. Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

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