Abstract summary 

The present retrospective observational study aims to identify differences in clinical features and peripheral biomarkers among patients affected by substance-induced psychotic disorder (SIPD) according to the primary substance of abuse. A sample of 218 patients was divided into three groups according to the type of consumed substance: alcohol, cannabis, and psychostimulants. The three groups were compared using one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) for continuous variables and χ tests for qualitative variables. After excluding the alcohol-induced psychotic disorder group, the same analyses were repeated. The statistically significant variables from these subsequent analyses were included in a binary logistic regression model to confirm their reliability as predictors of cannabis- or psychostimulant-induced psychotic disorder. Psychotic cannabis abusers were younger ( < 0.01), with illness onset at an earlier age ( < 0.01). Alcohol consumers presented a longer duration of illness ( < 0.01), more frequent previous hospitalizations ( = 0.04) and medical comorbidities ( < 0.01), and higher mean Modified Sad Persons Scale scores ( < 0.01). Finally, psychostimulant abusers had a higher frequency of lifetime history of poly-substance use disorders ( < 0.01). A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that higher mean Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores ( < 0.01) and higher sodium ( = 0.012) and hemoglobin ( = 0.040) plasma levels were predictors of cannabis misuse in SIPD patients. Different clinical factors and biochemical parameters con be associated with SIPD according to the main substance of abuse, thus requiring specific management by clinicians.

Authors & Co-authors:  Di Paolo Calabrese Nosari Ciappolino Cirella Caldiroli Capuzzi Clerici Buoli

Study Outcome 

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